broadcom corporation innovation

broadcom innovation

Setup and Hold times are the pillars of ASIC Design

To know more about setup and hold time ,download the below link
setup and hold time file

list of vlsi companies

The insights of samsung galaxy s3

The story of Samsung in the smartphone landscape is an intriguing one. No more than three years ago, Samsung was considered a minor player in the handset industry, lagging in sales and stature behind companies such as Nokia, Motorola and Research in Motion. When Apple entered the fray with the introduction of the iPhone, eventually taking over as the leader in smartphone sales, many industry insiders felt that Samsung would never be able to make up the ground to be considered influential to the market.

Samsung itself understood the uphill climb that it was facing. Instead of waving the white flag and exiting the market, Samsung chose to jettison its approach to design and immediately ceased being complacent with its R&D model. Samsung re-invested heavily into creating a new line of handsets that were not only aesthetically-pleasing, but would feature higher-end technology and features not found in their competition. 

The result of this new approach yielded the Galaxy line of handsets. These Android-based smartphones resonated with consumers, especially the first flagship handset, the Samsung Galaxy S, which was released in 2010. With sales approaching 24 million units, it was the beginning of Samsung 's dominance of the smartphone market. By the end of 2011, according to Gartner Inc., Samsung was now the undisputed global leader in handset unit sales, representing 40 percent of all Android smartphone sales alone. 

According to Information Week, a UBM partner, unit sales of just the Galaxy line of smartphones by Samsung have totaled close to 60 million units, the bulk of which is the Samsung Galaxy S (24 million), the Galaxy S2 (28 million), and the recently released smartphone/tablet hybrid, the Galaxy Note (7 million).

It should come as no surprise then that Samsung 's latest high-end Galaxy phone, the Galaxy S3, has drawn the interest of consumers, designers, engineers and market analysts. What would Samsung have up its sleeve for its newest smartphone?

UBM TechInsights purchased the first set of Samsung Galaxy S3 handsets from Europe. This is important as we were to later find out that the North American versions of the S3 would not feature a quad-core processor but a dual-core processor instead. At this time, the explanation given by Samsung is that this decision "optimizes" the Galaxy S3 for peak performance on America 's 4G and LTE networks.

Package photo of the Exynos Quad. The device features four ARM A9 cores as well as four Mali 400 GPU cores.

Samsung keeping it in the family On the European version of the Galaxy S3, Samsung utilizes its proprietary Exynos brand of processors. In this case, Samsung selected the quad-core Exynos 4212 (which was at one point named the Exynos 4412 and then finally renamed the Exynos Quad). According to Samsung, this processor was manufactured at the 32-nm node, similar to that of the latest version of the Apple A5 processor found in the 3rd generation Apple TV or 2nd generation iPad 2.

          This new Exynos processor uses power gating across all four cores, which apparently reduces power consumption when not in use. This isn't the first case that Samsung has taken a different path in the implementation of Exynos processors. The Samsung Galaxy S2 was initially released using the Exynos 4210 dual-core processor, but later variations of the same handset saw the Exynos replaced with Texas Instrument's OMAP4430 or, in the case of T-Mobile 's version, Qualcomm 's APQ8060 dual-core processor. The Samsung Exynos Quad was found within a Package-on-Package (PoP) arrangement. Its secondary package was that of a Samsung K3PE7E700M 1GB Low-Power DDR2 DRAM. Labeled “Green Memory” on the package, the “green” refers to the low power consumption of the memory and not the manufacturing process. A de-encapsulation of this device reveals that it was manufactured at the 32nm node which was the same in use for LP DDR2 DRAM in the Galaxy S2.

         Samsung also utilizes a KMVTU000LM multi-chip memory package. This package consists of 16Gb of mobile flash and 64Gb of Mobile DRAM with a eMMC controller. Samsung also turns to their own semiconductor business to provide the image processor in the S3. Samsung 's S5C73M3X01 has not been seen in other Galaxy devices, making this the first time we 've seen this backside illumination (BSI) processor. Samsung also selects their 1.9 MP image sensor, the S5K6A3YX14, in combination with an 8 MP CMOS image sensor from Sony to provide the camera functionality. Broadcom is also a major design winner in the new Galaxy S3. Deep within a Murata wireless module lies the Broadcom BCM4334, an apparent 40nm device is the follow-up to the BCM4330 that had found its way into the Samsung Galaxy S2 and the Apple iPhone 4S. This new component from Broadcom is a architecturally refined version of the BCM4330 that improves on the power consumption; a necessity with respect to the more power-hungry 4G and LTE radios. Intel takes advantage of their recently-purchased Infineon portfolio with a design win in the form of the X-GOLD 626 PMB9811 baseband processor. 

          The PMB9811 was also found in the Samsung Galaxy S2, the Galaxy Note and the Galaxy Nexus confirming that this baseband processor has the faith of Samsung 's design engineers. Intel also leverages Infineon to provide the PMB5712 GSM/CDMA RF transceiver. Other major design wins include Maxim, who continued to provide devices to the Galaxy family of phones. In this situation, Samsung incorporates Maxim 's MAX77686 and MAX77693 as power management devices within the Galaxy S3. As mentioned earlier, Maxim has a long history of working with Samsung, previously providing similar power management ICs for the Samsung Galaxy S2, Galaxy Note and the Galaxy Nexus, just to name a few. Skyworks is again a major socket winner in a major handset. 

          With four devices, ranging from a power amplifier module to antennae switches and even an LED driver, Skyworks continues their run of being found in high profile mobile computing products. This year has already seen Skyworks win sockets in the iPhone 4S, the iPad 3 and the Galaxy Note. STMicro provides some of the key sensors in the Galaxy S3, providing the LSM330DLC package consisting of the accelerometer and gyroscope, and the LPS331AP MEMS pressure sensor. Rounding out the major wins is Cypress Semiconductor, whose CY8C20236A PSoC CapSense controller controls the keys. NFC capability is provided by NXP Semiconductor. With over 9 million units pre-ordered before its release date, the Samsung Galaxy S3 was Samsung 's most anticipated handset to date. Judging by the effort placed on the selection of components and its sleek and nimble design, fans who pre-ordered should not be disappointed. 

            Other Samsung Galaxy S3 Key Components Skyworks SKY77604-31 - Quad-band GSM/W-CDMA Power Amplifier Module Samsung KMVTU000LM Multichip package – eMMC (16GB) + MDDR (64MB) Maxim MAX77686 – Power management Maxim MAX77693 – Power management Unmarked 330DC – STMicroelectronics LSM330DLC 3D Accelerometer & 3D Gyroscope Murata KM2323011 – Wireless module Broadcom BCM47511 – Integrated Monolithic GNSS Receiver (found in the Galaxy Note) Skyworks SKY77604-31 - Quad-band GSM/W-CDMA Power Amplifier Module (found in the Galaxy Note) Silicon Image Si9244B0 – Mobile HD Link Transmitter (found in Galaxy Nexus)

Android 2.3 Run on BeagleBone with 7inch LCD

record paper format

draft record paper

Why is the Google algorithm so important?

Finding useful information on the ­World Wide Web is something many of us take for granted. According to the Internet research firm Netcraft, there are nearly 150,000,000 active Web sites on the Internet today . The task of sifting through all those sites to find helpful information is monumental. That's why search engines use complex algorithms -- mathematical instructions that tell computers how to complete assigned tasks.

Google's algorithm does the work for you by searching out Web pages that contain the keywords you used to search, then assigning a rank to each page based several factors, including how many times the keywords appear on the page. Higher ranked pages appear further up in Google's search engine results page (SERP), meaning that the best links relating to your search query are theoretically the first ones Google lists.

For Web page administrators, being listed prominently on Google can result in a big boost in site traffic and visibility. In 2007, Google surpassed Microsoft as the most visited site on the Web [source: The San Francisco Chronicle]. With that much traffic, getting a good spot on a Google SERP could mean a huge boost in the number of site visitors.

Google's keyword search function is similar to other search engines. Automated programs called spiders orcrawlers travel the Web, moving from link to link and building up an index page that includes certain keywords. Google references this index when a user enters a search query. The search engine lists the pages that contain the same keywords that were in the user's search terms. Google's spiders may also have some more advanced functions, such as being able to determine the difference between Web pages with actual content and redirect sites -- pages that exist only to redirect traffic to a different Web page.

Keyword placement plays a part in how Google finds sites. Google looks for keywords throughout each Web page, but some sections are more important than others. Including the keyword in the Web page's title is a good idea, for example. Google also searches for keywords in headings. Headings come in a range of sizes, and keywords in larger headings are more valuable than if they are in smaller headings. Keyword dispersal is also important. Webmasters should avoid overusing keywords, but many people recommend using them regularly throughout a page.

In the next section, we'll learn about Google's patented PageRank system.

resume tips

The 25 Most Creative Designer Resumes You’ll See This Year

NEW PROJECT TO DO...!!!!!

Contactless Tachometer using PIC 


Details are available in the pdf link below:
1.project overview 

vlsi previous papers

vlsi subject previous papers
digital system design previous papers 

Assignment of the week

Hope everyone have completed there assignment in combinational circuits...

Nowwww....its time for sequential circuits.....
the point of interest is we are going to adopt a new way of writing sequential circuits.......
WE LL ROCK THE SHOW .......THIS SATURDAY....
LET YOUR THROAT GET NOT FRIED UP....
TICK TICK TICK......

behavioral modelling tutorial

verilog programs basic

1.basic gates
2.gray code to binary

beginners tutorial for perl

Books for vlsi

1.embedded sytems-rajkamal
2.proakis 3rd edition
3.verilog hdl by padmanabhan: A must read book by vlsi students
4.fundamentals of logic design-charles.h.roth
4.algorithns for vlsi

list of CPLDs available in market from altera

High-End FPGAs

·         About Stratix Series

         ·         Stratix V (E, GX, GS, GT)

      ·         Stratix IV (E, GX, GT)

    ·         Stratix III (L and E)

   ·         Stratix II (and GX)

·         Stratix (and GX)

Midrange FPGAs

·    About Arria Series

     ·         Arria V (GX and GT)

      ·         Arria II (GX and GZ)

·         Arria GX

·  Low-Cost FPGAs

   ·         About Cyclone Series

       ·         Cyclone V (E, GX, GT)

        ·         Cyclone IV (E and GX)

      ·         Cyclone III (and LS)

·         Cyclone II

·         Cyclone

·  CPLDs

·         About MAX Series

·         MAX V

·         MAX II (and G, Z)

·         MAX 3000A

·  ASICs

·         About HardCopy Series

·         HardCopy V

·         HardCopy IV (E and GX)

·         HardCopy III

·         HardCopy II

Demanded languages for programming in VLSI

1.Verilog-recommended book-t.r.padmanabhan
2.VHDL-recommended book-digital system design
3.TCL/TK-recommended book-below tutorial book
4.PYTHON-recommended book-http://www.tutorialspoint.com
5.RUBY-recommended book-http://www.tutorialspoint.com
6.UML-recommended book-http://www.cragsystems.co.uk/uml_tutorial/
7.perl-recommended book-o'reily (by larry wall)
8.specman for testbench automation-requires e language




Tutorial for programming languages
1.tcl tutorial 
2.programming perl
3.AHDL Tutorial 

The Current Official UML Specification:

You can always download the current official version of UML and its associated specifications from our Specifications Catalog page for Modeling and Metadata Specifications athttp://www.omg.org/technology/documents/modeling_spec_catalog.htm#UML

Scintillating news about semiconductor market

GBI Research's new report, Microcontroller Market to 2015 - Commissioning of Smart Grid Projects to Create Market Opportunities in Advanced Metering Infrastructure and Grid Equipmentprovides key information and analysis on the market opportunities in the global microcontrollerindustry. The report covers the latest information on the revenue and volume of the microcontrollers market.

The report provides product - based, region -based and end-use based forecasts up to 2015. Microcontroller usage in smart grid sector is increasing, as they provide greater reliability in power generation. Various devices and equipment contain microcontrollers and the report discusses their role and also gives a detailed market revenue breakdown along with the key players and their market shares.

Commissioning of Smart Grid Projects to Create Demand for Microcontroller-Based Products

The global smart grid sector was a $35 billion industry in 2011, with revenues coming from different segments, such as Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI), IT and communication, grid security, advanced transmission, and energy storage. AMI mainly includes smart meters and other networking infrastructure required to connect the grid with the customers. Microcontrollers (MCUs) form the core of these smart meters which are used for various purposes, such as gas, water, and electricity monitoring.

The cumulative global market for smart grids during 2011-2015 is expected to be around $180 billion, with the investments in the market expected to double to $70 billion by 2015. This growth in smart grid investments is a major revenue source for MCUs. These investments are expected to follow the commissioning of new projects, mergers and acquisitions, alliances, private equity investments and so on, across key countries in America, Europe and Asia Pacific.